#three-rivers-glass

How Ball Brothers took Three Rivers Glass, told through three procedural accounts: Tips' own story (a San Antonio attorney hired to secure RFC-loan priority secretly served Ball, w…

Charles Rudolph Tips (born June 5, 1892) founded the town of Three Rivers, Texas in 1913 and the Three Rivers Glass Company in 1922, built it into a national glass-container concer…

Did the Hoffmann-Hayman Coffee Co. switch its Crystalvac jar production to Owens-Illinois before Three Rivers Glass shut down? The evidence — from H&H's own surviving-jar collectio…

Three Rivers Glass Co.'s second factory: the former Bastrop Glass Co. plant at Bastrop, Louisiana, taken over in June 1929 and operated until 1933, when it became the first Three R…

The popular account (Ball acquired the factory in 1937, closed 1938) collapses a more eventful sequence: recurring short shutdowns for maintenance/mechanization through the 1920s-3…

Who actually designed and cut the molds for Three Rivers glass. The named record is thin: David J. Jones (staff mould maker from 1928), the anonymous 'master mold makers' H. S. War…

The sales entity Charles R. Tips ran, distinct from the Three Rivers Glass factory itself, after losing the plant to Ball Brothers Glass Company in the December 1936 foreclosure. T…

What glass colors did the Three Rivers Glass Company make? The documented answer is two: flint (colorless/clear) and amber. The American Glass Review trade directory recorded its o…

The documented customer roster of the Three Rivers Glass Co. (1922–1937), built from embossed customer names on 3 RIVERS-marked bottles: Smith's 75-item price list, the Hoffmann-Ha…

Reference catalog of Three Rivers Glass Co. maker's marks, built on the Bottle Research Group's 2019 Encyclopedia of Manufacturer's Marks chapter (Lockhart, Schriever, Brown, Linds…

How the Three Rivers Glass Company actually made its bottles and jars — reconstructed from the factory's own period tour brochure and made legible by the standard glass technology …

A chronological index of dated events, newspaper clippings, and legal/property records for the Three Rivers Glass Company, drawn from period trade press, Charles R. Tips' letters, …

A commercial glassware manufacturer that operated in Three Rivers, Texas from 1922 to 1938, founded by Charles R. Tips and built on local sand, natural gas, and machinery worked ar…

American engineer living in Mexico who had built automated glassmaking machinery for a Monterrey factory; recruited by Tips to break Hartford Empire's machinery monopoly. Relocated…

Next: None. Name-spelling variance (Tremblay/Trembley, initials A.F. vs. first name Harold) is a documented, not-yet-resolved source discrepancy.

Listed as vice president in the company's April 1922 officer roster (Manufacturers Record), and separately as secretary of the affiliated Three Rivers Construction Company (gas pip…

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Landowner of Cuero, Texas whose property became the original townsite; she and her son Thornton negotiated with the San Antonio, Uvalde and Gulf Railroad Company to route the line …

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Glass manufacturer of Muncie, Indiana, one of the largest commercial glass producers in the U.S. at the time. Foreclosed on Three Rivers Glass Company's mortgage notes in December …

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Co-purchased the former factory property from Ball Glass Corporation in 1954 alongside Harry J. Schulz. Also appears as a named factory employee in earlier period photo captions (s…

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Founder of both the town of Three Rivers (1913) and the Three Rivers Glass Company (1922). Served as secretary/treasurer 1922-1929, then president from 1929. Lost the factory in a …

Next: None — fully documented. Death date not yet established; worth a follow-up lookup if a museum exhibit needs a full lifespan.

Became the Three Rivers Glass Company's first vice president shortly after the 1925 mechanization, per Michael David Smith's 1989 book. No other sources corroborate this detail; si…

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Farm-and-ranch lending institution Charles Tips helped organize in 1919, after returning from WWI Army service and before founding the glass factory. Headquartered in San Antonio.

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The only individual the record explicitly names as a Three Rivers Glass mold maker. The Lindholm marker-research binder lists 'DAVID J JONES MOULD MAKER 1928' (later of 1107 E. Bow…

Next: Seek corroboration: Beeville-area obituary, Find-a-Grave entry, or 1930 census line (Three Rivers, Live Oak County, occupation 'mold maker'). Genealogy sites were bot-blocked to agents; needs a browser session.

Reference work by Ellis A. Davis and Edwin H. Grobe (Texas Development Bureau, 1929), cited by Michael David Smith as the source for the claim that Three Rivers Glass supplied more…

Next: Not ingested as a full raw source — only the single cited statistic (75%+ Texas bottle market share) is currently in this wiki. Consider ingesting the full relevant entry if deeper corroboration is needed.

Collector's reference on American fruit jars by Julian Harrison Toulouse, cited in the Three Rivers Glass Factory historical marker research collection as containing pages that lis…

Next: Not ingested; only referenced secondhand via the marker-research collection's bibliography note.

Museum in George West, Live Oak County, Texas, presided over by researcher Kevin L. Mackey. Hosted the 2017 Three Rivers Glass Company Glass and Bottle Show and maintains an ongoin…

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President of the Hoffmann-Hayman Coffee Company (H&H) of San Antonio; placed one of the largest single glass orders in Texas history with Three Rivers Glass in 1932 — a quarter-mil…

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The Mount Rushmore sculptor's celebrated connection to Three Rivers Glass — that he joined the design staff ca. 1930 while 'residing in nearby Beeville' — is now assessed as unveri…

Next: Locate a period primary document (Three Rivers Progress/News clipping, payroll record, or the original exhibit-caption photograph) that either corroborates or kills the design-staff claim. Portal to Texas History full-text search requires a browser session.

Cleveland, Ohio glassmaker whose own factory had burned down; answered Tips' 1921 trade-magazine ad, relocated to Three Rivers, and served as the company's first general manager (1…

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San Antonio and Tulsa businessman; one of the founding investors covering the company's initial $50,000 capital in 1922, per Tips' own letters. Later described by Tips as one of tw…

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Co-purchased the former factory property from Ball Glass Corporation in 1954 alongside Bryan Boyd, and personally corresponded (as 'Attorney At Law') with Mexican glass manufacture…

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Held a near-total patent monopoly on automated glass-container manufacturing machinery in the early 20th century; initially refused to license equipment to Three Rivers Glass, prom…

Next: Independently verify the antitrust case identification (possibly Hartford-Empire Co. v. United States, 323 U.S. 386 (1945)) against a primary legal source if this ever needs to be stated as settled fact.

San Antonio coffee roaster, one of the oldest in the South, run by the Menger family (also owners of the Menger Hotel). Placed one of the largest single glass orders in Texas histo…

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San Antonio furniture-store owner and founding investor; the Three Rivers Glass Company's first president upon incorporation in May 1922, with Charles Tips serving as secretary/tre…

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Houston businessman appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to head the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. A personal acquaintance of Charles Tips; approved the $100,000 RFC …

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Appears in two distinct roles across the record: credited by a 1921 trade-press record with the original decision to site the factory at Three Rivers (over San Diego/LA alternative…

Next: None — the two-role discrepancy (1921 site-decision vs. 1925 plant-manager framing) is documented as an open question, not a gap to close.

Former Three Rivers Glass Factory employee (bottle packer and carton assembler, August 1936-1937) whose 1971 letter to Thelma Lindholm is the primary corroborating source for a Hou…

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Vice President of the United States (1933-1941); a personal connection of Charles Tips who, per Tips' own account, helped save the bank at Three Rivers during the Depression when i…

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President of the Grace Armantrout Museum, Live Oak County, Texas. Compiled a 2017 article collection for the Three Rivers Glass Company Glass and Bottle Show, and emailed this proj…

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Local committee, chaired by Mrs. William Hinnant, that organized the 1973 Texas Historical Marker dedication for the Three Rivers Glass Factory site — the seventeenth marker placed…

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Former tank supervisor for Ball Glass Corporation at the Three Rivers plant; subject of a September 9, 1938 reference letter praising his three years of service and thorough unders…

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Author of Texas Glass: An Illustrated History of The Three Rivers Glass Company, 1922-1937 (Starsmith Publication, 1989) — the only dedicated published history of the company, and …

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Chairman of the Live Oak County Historical Survey Committee; led the 1973 effort to erect the Texas Historical Marker for the Three Rivers Glass Factory site and chaired the dedica…

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Major national glass manufacturer that, per Charles Tips, built a large factory in Waco partly as a downstream result of Three Rivers Glass's success proving the Texas market. Also…

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San Antonio attorney and Tips' own lawyer; one of the founding investors who covered the $50,000 needed to build the factory in 1922, per Charles Tips' own 1973 letter.

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Recruited by Tips from Ohio, where he had worked for a glass factory, to run the Three Rivers office, purchasing, and collections. Signed the 1928 Tremblay bill of sale as a witnes…

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Federal New Deal agency, headed by Jesse Jones, that provided government-guaranteed loans to ailing businesses. Approved a $100,000 loan for Three Rivers Glass Company in 1936, con…

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Railroad company whose newly surveyed line south of San Antonio drew Charles Tips to the site that became Three Rivers. Agreed to route the line through the Hamilton family's prope…

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Austin, Texas-based publisher (likely Michael David Smith's own imprint) that produced Texas Glass: An Illustrated History of The Three Rivers Glass Company, 1922-1937 in September…

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By Michael David Smith, Starsmith Publication, 1st printing September 1989, printed by Atwood Printing, New Braunfels, Texas. The only dedicated published history of the company; i…

Next: None — catalog entry for the physical/bibliographic work; the raw ingest is the authoritative text source.

State agency (renamed from the Texas State Historical Survey Committee) that authorized and administers the Texas Historical Marker program, including the 1973 marker for the Three…

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'Three Rivers Glass Sales' of Three Rivers changed its name and relocated to become the Texas Industrial Investment Company of Houston, under Texas state charter effective July 10,…

Next: Determine whether this is the same effort as the Houston glass-factory venture John Matthijetz describes, or a distinct one.

Local historian who compiled the research behind the May 26, 1973 Texas Historical Marker for the Three Rivers Glass Factory site, corresponded directly with Charles Tips (whose tw…

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The subject of this entire wiki. A commercial glassware manufacturer operating in Three Rivers, Texas from 1922 to 1938, founded by Charles R. Tips, incorporated with $50,000 capit…

Next: None — see wiki/topics/three-rivers-glass-company.md for the full narrative; this record is the catalog entry.

A second Tips-affiliated entity formed around October 1936, distinct from Tips Glass Sales Corporation, with no manufacturing plant of its own. Interpreted by researcher Kevin Mack…

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Sales entity, distinct from the Three Rivers Glass factory, through which Charles Tips continued selling glass under contracts he had already secured after losing the plant to Ball…

Next: A Texas Secretary of State corporate-filings search for 'Tips Glass Sales' 1933-1937 would resolve the entity's pre-foreclosure legal structure.

Read Charles Tips' prepared speech at the May 26, 1973 historical marker dedication after Tips was in a car accident en route from Dallas and could not attend. Thanked by name in M…

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Galveston financier who owned United Gas Company (supplying Three Rivers' gas) and joined the company's board around 1930 after buying $100,000 of stock in 1929 — the transaction t…

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San Antonio attorney, paid $500 by Three Rivers Glass to secure a Reconstruction Finance Corporation loan condition in 1936. Secretly already representing Ball Brothers Glass Compa…

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A promotional calendar distributed by Three Rivers Glass Company in 1932 (covering February 1931-January 1932), owned by Mrs. Pearl Stewart, is the source of nearly all surviving f…

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Property of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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Bottling location: Austin, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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Classic clear-glass 'longneck' style beer bottle. Suggested collector price: $5.00-$7.00.

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Classic amber-glass 'longneck' style beer bottle. Suggested collector price: $9.00-$11.00.

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Bottling location: Clarksville, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. Note: a former employee (David Jones) disputes designing this specific 'Big Chief' bottle, saying h…

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Bottling location: Rusk, Texas. Suggested collector price: $15.00-$17.50.

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Bottling location: Atlanta, Georgia. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. One of the catalog's clearest examples of Three Rivers Glass's out-of-state customer reach.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $8.00-$12.00.

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Bottling location: Dallas, Texas. Suggested collector price: $20.00-$25.00 — one of the higher-valued items in the catalog.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $8.00-$12.00.

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Bottling location: Bastrop, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. One of two Coca-Cola-franchise bottles in the catalog (see also #12, Beeville).

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Bottling location: Beeville, Texas. Suggested collector price: $18.00-$20.00. (An earlier note tied Beeville to Gutzon Borglum's residence; that claim was reassessed 2026-07-26 as …

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Bottling location: Uvalde, Texas. Suggested collector price: $8.00-$10.00.

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Bottling location: West, Texas (per Smith's book, marked with a question mark in the original text). Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00. Delaware Punch was a real, nationally distributed soft drink brand, founded in Texas.

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Bottling location: Kingsville, Texas. Suggested collector price: $15.00-$17.50.

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Bottling location: Uvalde, Texas. Distinctive 'melted' glass appearance. Suggested collector price: $18.00-$21.50 — the highest-valued of the six Dr. Pepper variants in this catalo…

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Bottling location: Eagle Lake, Texas. Smooth bottle with a large '#2' embossed on the neck. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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The classic 'Good For Life' / '10, 2 & 4' Dr. Pepper design, bottled at various locations. Suggested collector price: $20.00-$22.50.

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Bottling location: Laredo, Texas. Crackled-glass appearance. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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Bottling location: Mt. Pleasant, Texas. Ribbed bottle with diamonds circling the neck and base. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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Bottling location: Paris, Texas. Raised dots and vertical ribs design. Suggested collector price: $20.00-$22.50.

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Bottling location: Temple, Texas. Cracked appearance with vertical ribs. Suggested collector price: $18.00-$20.00.

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Bottling location: San Antonio, Texas. Embossed dragon design on the bottle neck. Suggested collector price: $15.00-$18.00.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $8.00-$10.00.

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Made in St. Martinville, Louisiana. Approximately 4.5 inches tall. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$13.50.

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Bottling location: Fayetteville, Texas. Smooth bottle, earlier design style. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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Bottling location: Fayetteville, Texas. Diagonal design, later style. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. A soda-water bottle of this same marking ('FIZZON — JOY-SYNTH') is separately documented in the 1973 marke…

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Two sizes catalogued: large ($10.00-$12.00) and small ($8.00-$10.00). A recognizable, still-remembered Texas chili-powder brand.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. Distinct from the shorter, squatter 'Milwaukee Drinks' bottle catalogued separately (#47).

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Bottling location: Giddings, Texas. Notably not the classic Coca-Cola contour bottle design. Suggested collector price: $12.50-$15.00.

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Bottling location: Waco, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. Part of a documented shared-stock-mold cluster with four other bottlers.

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The 'Crystalvac' vacuum-packed coffee jar ordered by Hoffmann-Hayman Coffee Company in 1932 (a quarter-million units, one of the largest single glass orders in Texas history). Clea…

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Bottling location: Zapata, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.50-$15.00.

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Bottling location: Hondo, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $35.00-$40.00 — among the highest in the standard catalog. Notable because it bears BOTH the '3 Rivers' mark and the 'Bal…

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Bottling location: San Antonio, Texas. A distinctive slogan-marked bottle, described by Smith as 'not uncommon — we have found several over the years.' Suggested collector price: $…

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Bottling location: Pearsall, Texas. Suggested collector price: $15.00-$16.00.

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No bottling location indicated on the bottle itself, but the bottom reads 'SBC' — possibly Southern Bottling Co. of Corpus Christi. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00. Kist was a real, nationally franchised soft-drink brand.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50. Explicitly documented by Smith as sharing a stock mold with four other bottlers.

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Bottling location: Fredericksburg, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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No bottling location indicated. Embossed knight design. Suggested collector price: $18.00-$20.00.

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Screw-type top. Suggested collector price: $7.50-$9.00 — one of the lower-valued items in the catalog.

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A single catalog entry covering multiple milk-bottle and dairy-jar variants: plain quart ($10-12), plain pint ($8-10), plain half-pint ($8-10), Mistletoe Creameries quart ($18-21),…

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No bottling location indicated. Described by Smith as 'a short, squat bottle.' Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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No bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $15.00-$18.00. Likely related to the Mistletoe Creameries dairy jars catalogued under Bottle #46.

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The classic Nehi bottle design used for over forty years by the national Nehi brand; some examples marked with Columbus, Georgia as bottling location. Suggested collector price: $1…

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Bottling location: El Paso, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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Rodriguez Root Beer Bottling Co., San Antonio, Texas. 16 oz. bottle with a large sun embossed on the front. Suggested collector price: $12.50-$15.00.

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Identical design to Bottle #51 but in a 15 oz. size with no bottler information indicated. Notably marked with the '3 Rivers' trademark twice — both on the bottom ('3R*') and the s…

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Multiple bottling-location variants exist: Kenedy, Texas; New Braunfels, Texas; and examples with no bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50.

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Bottling location: Austin, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50. One of the catalog's two nationally franchised cola brands (alongside Coca-Cola, #1/#11/#12/#32).

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Bottling location: Taylor, Texas. Noted by a large 'HP' enclosed in a circle. Suggested collector price: $9.00-$10.50 — one of the lower-valued items in the catalog.

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Bottling location: Luling, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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A 2.5 oz. bottle believed to have held shoe polish, not a beverage. Suggested collector price: $6.50-$7.50 — among the lowest values in the catalog.

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Stippled surface texture with a smooth band around the center of the bottle. Suggested collector price: $5.00-$7.50 — among the lowest values in the catalog.

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Bottling location: Morgan City, Louisiana. Suggested collector price: $18.50-$20.00.

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Bottling location: San Benito, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50. Part of the documented shared-stock-mold cluster anchored by Klasek's Bottling Works (#42).

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Bottling location: Mission, Texas. Bottom reads 'Rio Rey.' 6 oz. bottle with a crackled-glass effect. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50.

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Bottling location: Mission, Texas. Fitted with a composition stopper secured by a wire clamp. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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Bottling location: Corpus Christi, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50. Likely the full identity behind the 'SBC'-marked Bottle #40 (Jumbo).

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Bottling location: Georgetown, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50. Part of the same shared-stock-mold cluster as Holt Beverage Co. (#33).

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Property of Coca-Cola Bottling Co., New Braunfels, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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Bottling location: San Antonio, Texas. Marked with the unusual slogan phrase 'Never Sold' (likely referring to bottle-deposit/ownership policy). Suggested collector price: $10.00-$…

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Bottling location: Taylor, Texas (per Smith's book, marked with a question mark in the source). Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.50. Part of the shared-stock-mold cluster anch…

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Bottling location: Waco, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00.

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Bottling location: Temple, Texas. 6.5 oz. bottle with a cracked-glass appearance. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00.

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No specific bottling location indicated, though Trappey's was a well-known Louisiana food company. Suggested collector price: $6.50-$8.00.

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No specific bottling location indicated. Suggested collector price: $6.00-$8.00 — among the lowest values in the catalog.

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Bottling location: Trinity, Texas. Suggested collector price: $10.00-$12.00. Part of the shared-stock-mold cluster anchored by Holt Beverage Co. (#33).

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Bottling location: Houston, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.50-$15.00.

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Bottling location: El Paso, Texas ('Phone M2590' noted on the listing). Suggested collector price: $15.00-$18.00.

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Bottling location: Yoakum, Texas. Suggested collector price: $12.00-$15.00. The final (75th) item in Michael David Smith's 1989 collector price list.

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A confirmed Three Rivers Glass customer bottle beyond Smith's 75-item price list: UNEEDA Bottling Works, Beaumont, Texas. Clear, 9 inches tall; embossing verbatim — UNEEDA (shoulde…

Next: None — documented in the Hoffmann-Hayman collection; watch for a second specimen or period Beaumont directory corroboration.

A Three Rivers customer bottle documented only in Smith's photo plates, not his price list: Jay Bee Liquid Bluing (laundry bluing), photographed on p. 51 of Texas Glass (Charles Ar…

Next: None — watch for a physical specimen or a Jay Bee company attribution (maker/city unknown).

Informal local currency the company relied on during the Depression: payroll checks payable only once bottles were sold, later replaced by printed scrip that local merchants accept…

Next: No surviving physical example identified in sources gathered so far — worth asking Kevin Mackey or the Grace Armantrout Museum whether any specimens survive in local collections.

A one-quart Three Rivers jar photographed on p. 55 of Smith's Texas Glass with its original paper label surviving: 'Crown Brand Dill Pickles' with a stylized barrel design. Smith n…

Next: None — watch for the packer behind the Crown Brand label (period Texas pickle packers).

Cast aluminum historical marker with a Swedish-steel effect, 18 by 28 inches, dedicated May 26, 1973 alongside Farm Road 72 (later Highway 72/202), four blocks west of downtown Thr…

Next: None — physical marker still standing as of the most recent source (1989).

The company's trademark: a stylized 'Three Rivers' or '3 Rivers' name with a five-pointed star, appearing in several variations (most commonly '3 RIVERS' followed by a star; less c…

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Patented bottle-blowing machine sold by A. F. Tremblay to Three Rivers Glass Company for $6,000 via a bill of sale dated March 15, 1924 (recorded June 1928), covered by U.S. Patent…

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One Hoffmann-Hayman three-pound Crystalvac jar bears the Owens-Illinois 'Diamond-Oval-I' mark read as plant 7 (Alton, IL) / year code '2' = 1932. A base photograph of the jar now C…

Next: Corroborated by the base photo (plant 7, undotted date code 2 = 1932). Optional: confirm across more examples / an expert bench read before closing.

Michael David Smith's 1989 book identifies a Palestine, Texas glass plant as an Owens-Illinois operation; the SHA/Bottle Research Group's Owens-Illinois plant register lists no Pal…

Next: Locate the exact Smith 1989 passage; cross-check the SHA O-I plant register and Palestine local history.